Gearing



W. F. DOYLE.

cmme.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1916. 1,396,029, I Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEEI 1.

I BE 9 TL 3 1720mm.- IB QM 4 W W. F. DOYLE.

GEARING.

mwucmon man JUNE 12. 1916.

1 96,029, Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

SHEET 2.

2 SHEETS- UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM F DoYLE OF REEDSBURG, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO FLORENCE P. STOLTE, OF REEDSBURG, WISCONSIN.

GEARING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 8, 1921.

Application filed June 12, 1916. Serial No. 103,099.

To all to ham it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM F.'DOYLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Reedsburg, in the county of Sank and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gearing, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to gearing, and more specifically to compensating gearing such as is used in the drive of motor vehicles.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide improved gearing which will be simple in construction and smooth and efficient in' operation.

A further object of my invention is to provide a compensating gear that is adapted to all the services to which such devices are usually put. In compensating gears as heretofore known, if either of the different wheels, assuming the gear to be used in connection with a vehicle, has less labor to perform or meets with less resistance than the other, it will be caused to revolve more rapidly and will thus waste power that might be otherwise used to effect the advancement of the other wheel.

It is a further object of my invention, therefore, to provide such a compensating gear as to avoid the sudden acceleration or diminution of the speed of one of the dif ferent wheels and to reduce to a minimum the stress exerted on the parts and to compel the opposite and complementary members to properly share the burden of transmitting the power.

It is still a further object of my invention to provide a compensating gear such that the power may be transmitted equally to the different wheels and such that the power will be prevented from driving either wheel in advance of the other, and at the pery pavement or mud hole, the driving rable in use.

Further objects will appear from the detailed description to follow taken in connection with the appended claims.

Certain features claimed. herein are disclosed in an earlier ap lication of mine, Serial No. 863,261, filed eptember 24, 1914, of which this application is a continuation in art. 7

n the drawings, in which one embodiment of my invention is shown Figure 1 is an axial section of a gearing embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a section substantially on the line 22 of Fig. 1, parts being shown in elevation; and

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the gears and the pinion meshing therewith.

Referring now to the drawing in detail the gearing is shown in connection with a pair of shafts 10 placed end to end, which shafts may be connected tothe rear driving wheels'of a motor vehicle. Each of these shafts has a squared end 11 non-rotatably fitted inthe hub portion of a gear 12. The gears 12 are made right and left hand, respectively, and each of these gears is provided in its side face with helicoidal threads 13 meshing with the teeth 14, of a plurality -of pinions 15 (four being shown).

The helicoidal threads 13 are separated by helicoidal grooves 16, the width of which grooves is uniform throughout the length and depth of the groove. This groove 16 extends from an annular groove 16, segmental in cross section, formed in the side face of the gear. The general form of the threads 13 and also of the grooves 16 is that of a mutilated helix having a circular axis or core concentric with the gear. Since the grooves 16 are of uniform width throughout their .length it follows that the threads 13 will be of greater cross section at the outer part of the gear than they are near the inner part of the gear and it also follows that the angle which the sides of the threads make with each other increases with the distance from the axis of the gear and that the pitch (the distance between corresponding points of adjacent coils of the helix) increases with supporting. member 21 is secured the distance of said parts from the axis of the gear, and that the angle between the tangent of the helix and a plane through' the axis of the gear and the pointof tangency increases with the distance of said point from the axis of the gear.

The helicoidal threads of the two gears are made right and left hand respectively,

so that the driving force will be transmitted to both of the gears. Each of the pinions 15 provided with journals 17 mounted in half bearings 18 formed in annular bearsing plates 19 lying between the gears 12. Each bearing plate is provided with a plurality of arcuate bosses 19 extending between the teeth 14 to strengthen the bearing plates at pinions 15. 7

Thejou rn als 17 and the arcuate bosses 19 are both located so that they would be within thecoils of the helices of the threads .13 if these helices were completed. The teeth 14 are made circular in' cross section as the the part which supports the point orline of contact between the teeth 14 and the thread 13 varies with respect to the teeth as the tooth moves along the groove between the threads.

, 1A combined gear, housing andsupporting member 20 is secured to the bearing plates 19 on one side and a combined housingand V to these plates on the oppositeside; I V c The member 20 comprises a beveled gear portion 22 which may be driven from any suitable drive mechanism, and asleeve or hub portion 22 rotatably mounted with respect to the hub portion 23 of one of the 7 gears 12. The member 21 is, provided with asleeve or hub portion 24 rotatably mounted with respect to the, hub portion 25 of the other gear v1.2. ,The members 20 and 21may be secured tothe bearing plates-19 in any suitable manner as bolts 26."

The hub portions 22* and 24 are rotatably mounted in the bearingportions 27 and 28, respectively, of the casing 29. If desired rollers 30 may be provided for the bearings 27 and 28.

The operation of the gearing is as follows:

When a motor vehicle equipped with this gearing is traveling straight ahead so that the two driving wheels, and, consequently,

. the shafts 10, are revolving at the same speed.

' a force acting on the member 20 will be transmitted equally-to the two gears 12 through the pinions15. WVhen, however,.

a force acts to cause relative rotation between the gears 12, as when the vehicle is .turning a corner, the advance' of one gear with respect to the other will permit the bearing plates 19 and. the pinions 15 toladvance also with respect to the relatively retarded gear 12 until the pinions 15 again bear equally on the gears 12. The pitch of I the threads 13 is such thatif one shaft 10 is held firmly from rotation and the other shaft 10 is free to rotate or only slightly hindered from rotation, and a force is exerted on the gear 20, the teeth 14 of the pinions 15 will bind against the threads 13. This is substantially the condition that obtains in a motor vehicle when one wheel holds and the other engages a slippery surface.

'With the ordinary compensating gear the helicoidal teeth and a plane through the axis of the gear and the point of tangency increases with the distance of said point from the .axis of the gear, a good bearing forthe force transmitting action of the teeth 14 is affordedby that part of the threads near the center and that part of the threads farther from the center resists the rotation of the pinion eflectively when one of the shafts 10 is free to rotate and the other is held which, as pointed out above, issubstantially the condition that exlsts in a motor vehicle when one wheelholds and the other is on a slippery surface.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is V 1. A gear having a helical. thread the core of which helix is circular and has its center in the axis of said. gear, the cross section of said thread increasing with its distance from the axis of the gear. I .7

2. A. gear having ahelical thread, the core of which helix is circular and hasits center in the axis of said gear, theangle-which the sides of said thread make with each other increasing, with the distance from the axis of' the gear. I

3. A gear having a helical thread, the core of which helixis circularand has its center. 1n the axis of sald gear, the pltch (the dlstance between correspondingv parts of adjacent coils of the helix)- increasing with the distance of said parts from theaxis of the gear. I z

v4. A gear having a helicalthread, the core ofwhich helix is circular and has its center in the axis of'said gear, the angle between the tangent to the helixand a plane through the axis of the gear-and the point of tangency increasing with the distance of said point fron the'axis of the gear.

5. A gear having a :helical groove of uniform width, the core of which helix fis circular, in combination with a pinion having a substantially radial tooth substantially round in cross section for engagement with the wall of said groove.

6. A gear having a helical groove of uniform width, the core of which helix is circular, in combination with a pinion having a substantially radial tooth substantially, round in cross section for engagement at both opposing walls of said groove.

7 A gear having a mutiliated helical groove in its face, the core of which helix is circular and has its center in the axis of said gear, in combination witha pinion having a tooth for engagement with a wall of said groove, the axis of said pinion being substantially tangential to the core of said helix.

"and'bearing means for said pinion located so that they would be within the coils of the helix if these coils were completed.

8. A gearing comprising a pair of gears each having a mutilated helicalgroove in its side face, the core of which helix is circular and has its center in the axis of said gear, the cores of said helices coinciding, the coils of said helices'being of the same diameter, in combination. with a pinion havinga tooth for engagement with both said grooves, the

axis of said pinion being substantially tangential'to the cores of said helices, and bearing means for said pinion located so that they would be within the coils of thehelices if these coils were completed.

9(A gearing comprising a pair of gears each havlng a mutllated hellcal groove in 1ts said journal located so that'they would be within the coils of the helices, if these coils were completed.

10. A gearing comprising a pair of gears each having a mutilated helical groove in its side face, the core of which helix is circular and has its center in the axis of said gear,

the cores of said helices coinciding, the coils of said helices being of the same dlameter,

in combination with a pinion having a tooth for engagement with both said grooves, the arms of said pinion being substantially tangential to the cores of said helices. said pinion having a journal, and a sectional bearing for said journal located so that they would be within the coils of the helices, if

these coils were completed.

'11. gearing comprising a pair of gears each havlng a mutilated helical groove 1n its side face. the core of which helix is circular and has its center in the axis of said gear, the cores of said helices coinciding, the coils of said helicesbeing ofthe same diameter, in combination with a inion having 'a tooth for engagement with both said helices, said pinion having a journal located so that it would be within the coils of the helices, if these coils were completed, a pair of annular members lying betweenand concentric with said gears, each annular member having a bearing portion for said journal.

12. In a compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces of said gears having rounded annular channels, the walls of which are spirally threaded, and a plurality of pinions intermeshing with said gears each pinion having a plurality of cogs lying in a plane transverse to the axis of the pinion, and simultaneously engaging a plurality of threads of the gear.

13. In a compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft. of a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the faces of saic gears having threads varying in their inclination from a plane through the axis of the gear and also from the plane through the face perpendicular to the axis of the gear, and a plurality of pinions having radial cogs intermeshing with said gears.

1 L. Ina compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a driven gear, a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces ofsaid gears having rounded annular channels provided with spiral threads, a plurality of pinions inter meshing with said gears and so constructed that. a plurality of portions of each pinion at once engage several parts of the threads of said gears, such parts being of different inclinations, and means for causing said pinions to be revolved with said driven gear, said pinions being rotatable on their own axes independent and irrespective of said movement.

gears, and a member driven by said driven gear and embracing said pinions to cause the same tobe revolved therewith, said pinions being rotatable on their own axes independant and irrespective of said movement.

16. In a compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a gearon each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces of said gears being threaded, the

thread of'one gear forming a right handed involute helical 'curve, that of the other a left "rality of pinions having radial teeth meshhanded involute helical curve,.and a plurality of pinions'havingradialcogs adapted 1 7. In a Compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a driven gear, a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces'o-f said gear having a rounded annular channel, the walls of which are formed with spiral threads, a pluing with said gears, and means for causing said pinions to be revolved with said driven gear, said pinions being rotatable on their own axes independent and irrespective of said movement, the threads of said gears being at a substantially smaller angle with respect to the axis of said pinions rotation at the circumference than at the center.

18. In a compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a driven gear, a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces of said gears having a rounded annular channel, the walls of which are formed with spiral threads, a

plurality of pinions inter-meshing with said gears and so constructed that a plurality of portions of each pinion at once engage sev-' eral parts of the threads of said gears, such parts being of different inclmations, sa1d P11110118 being entirely within the circumference of said gears-and means for causing said pinions to be revolved with said driven gear, said pinions being rotatable on their.

own axes independent and; irrespective of said movement.

19. In a compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces of said gears having rounded annular channels, the walls of which are spirally threaded, and a plurality of pinions intermeshing with said gears and so constructed that a plurality of :cogs of each pinion at once engage a plurality of parts of thethreads of said gears.

20. In a compensating gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a gear on each 7 tion with a divided shaft, of a driven gear, a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the faces of said gears having threads varying in their inclination from a plane perpendicular tothe face and alsorfrom' the plane of the face,

and a plurality of pinions having radial cogs intermeshing with said gears.

21. In a compensating gear, the combinaat once engageseveral parts of the threads of 'saidgears, such parts being of different inclinations, and means for causlng said pinions to be revolved with sald dr ven gear,

:said pinions being rotatable .on their own axes independent and irrespective of said movement, r

22. In a compensating. gear, the combination with a divided shaft, of a: driven gear, a gearon-each .of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the faces ofsaid gears having threads varying in their inclinationfrom a plane perpendicular ;to the face and also from the plane of the face, a plurality of pinionshaving radial cogs intermeshing with said gears, ancl a member driven by said driven gear and embracing said pinions to cause I :the same to be revolved therewith, said pinions beingrotatable on their own axes independent andirrespective of said movement, I V V V 23. Ina compensating gea r, the combination with a divided shaft, of a gear on each of the adjacent ends of saidshaft, the opposing faces of said gears being threaded,

the thread of one gear forming a right handed in-volute helical curve, that of the other a left handed involute helical curve, and a plurality of pinions having radial cogs adapted to mesh with the threads of either of said gears. V a V r 24. In combination, a pair of gears, round ed annular channels. in the opposing faces thereof, the walls of said channels being formed with spiral teeth, a pinion having radial teeth meshing with said gears,-said pinion j beinginclosed between said gears by the walls of said channels and entirely within the circumference of said gears, and

.means for mounting said gears and pinion inoperative relation with respect to each other. 7 g V 25. In a compensating gear,the combination with a divided shaft, of a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the'opposing faces of said gears having rounded annular channels, the walls of said channels being formedi with spiral teeth, and a plurality of pinions having radial teeth mesh; ing withsaid gears, said pinions being inclosed between said gears and entirely within the circumferencethereof. V

26. In a compensating gear, the combination with av divided shaft, of a driven gear,

a gearon each of the adjacent'ends of said shaft,-the opposing facesof said gear having a rounded annular channel, the wallsof which are formed with spiralthreads, a pluirality of pinions having radial teeth mesh:

ing with said gears, and means forcausing said pinions to be revolved with said driven gear, said. plnions being rotatable on their.

own axes independent and irrespective of said movement, the threads of sald gears being at aisubstantially smaller-angle with respect to the axisof said 'pinionsrotation.

at thecircumference than at the center.

27 ."In a compensating-gear, the combination with'a divided shaft, of a driven gear,

a gear on each of the adjacent ends of said shaft, the opposing faces of said gears having a rounded annular channel, the walls of which are formed with spiral threads so that the threads are continuous throughout both gears except at the gap between the same, a plurality of pinions intermeshing with said gears and so constructed that a plurality of portions of each pinion at once engage several parts of the threads of said gears, such parts being of different inclinations, said pinions being entirely within the circumference oi said gears, and means for causing said pinions to be revolved with said driven gear, said pinions being rotatable on their own axes independent and irrespective of said movement.

28. A gear construction comprising a divided shaft, two opposed gears mounted on said shaft, and having spiral threads in their opposing faces, a pinion carrier, and a pinion carried by said carrier and rotatable therewith about the axis of said shaft, and having teeth for engaging the threads of both of said gears, the pitch of said threads being such that either of said gears might be used to drive the other gear through said pinion.

29. A gear construction comprising a divided shaft, two 0 posed gears mounted on said shaft, and having spiral threads in their opposing faces, a pinion carrier, and a pinion carried by said carrier and rotatable therewith about the axis of said shaft, and having teeth for engaging the threads of both of said gears, the pitch of said gears being such that when said gear carrier is used as a driving member said pinion will adjust itself so the teeth Will bear evenly on both of said spiral gears.

30. A gear having a helical groove of uniform width, the core of which helix is circular, in combination with a pinion having a substantally cylindrical radial tooth substantiallyround in crosssection for engagement with the wall of said oove.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two Witnesses.

WILLIAM F. DOYLE.

Witnesses:

H. B. QUIMBY, CLARA E. SoHMrrr. 

